Calculate Herd Lying Concordance Metrics R package HLCtools version 0.1.0 Calculates Herd Lying Concordance (HLC) metrics from individual animal lying-behaviour data. HLC is a continuous framework for quantifying group-level behavioural cohesion from between-animal dispersion within observation intervals. The package implements standard deviation, mean absolute deviation, interquartile range, and entropy formulations, lying-weighted extensions, threshold-based synchrony comparisons, temporal summaries, and descriptive method-ranking tools. The HLC formulations are introduced in this package; related approaches to cattle behavioural synchrony include Raussi et al. (2011) <doi:10.1017/S1751731110001928>, Kok et al. (2023) <doi:10.1016/j.applanim.2023.105906>, and the activity metric framework of van Dixhoorn et al. (2024) <doi:10.24072/pcjournal.489>. Software Depends: R (>= 4.1.0) Imports: dplyr, rlang Suggests: knitr, rmarkdown, testthat (>= 3.0.0) Guilherme Amorim Franchi <gaf@anivet.au.dk> Comprehensive R Archive Network (CRAN) Guilherme Amorim Franchi [aut, cre, cph] (ORCID: <https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7653-6512>) MIT + file LICENSE (https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=HLCtools/LICENSE) 2026-07-23 application/tgz https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=HLCtools doi:10.32614/CRAN.package.HLCtools en-US