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Type: Package
Title: Reimplementations of Functions Introduced Since R-3.0.0
Version: 1.5.0
Maintainer: Michel Lang <michellang@gmail.com>
Description: Functions introduced or changed since R v3.0.0 are re-implemented in this package. The backports are conditionally exported in order to let R resolve the function name to either the implemented backport, or the respective base version, if available. Package developers can make use of new functions or arguments by selectively importing specific backports to support older installations.
URL: https://github.com/r-lib/backports
BugReports: https://github.com/r-lib/backports/issues
License: GPL-2 | GPL-3
NeedsCompilation: yes
ByteCompile: yes
Depends: R (≥ 3.0.0)
Encoding: UTF-8
RoxygenNote: 7.3.1
Packaged: 2024-05-23 11:56:25 UTC; michel
Author: Michel Lang ORCID iD [cre, aut], Duncan Murdoch [aut], R Core Team [aut]
Repository: CRAN
Date/Publication: 2024-05-23 12:30:02 UTC

backports: Reimplementations of Functions Introduced Since R-3.0.0

Description

Functions introduced or changed since R v3.0.0 are re-implemented in this package. The backports are conditionally exported in order to let R resolve the function name to either the implemented backport, or the respective base version, if available. Package developers can make use of new functions or arguments by selectively importing specific backports to support older installations.

Author(s)

Maintainer: Michel Lang michellang@gmail.com (ORCID)

Authors:

See Also

Useful links:

Backport of ...elt for R < 3.4.2

Description

See the original description in base::...elt.

Usage

...elt(n)

Examples

# get function from namespace instead of possibly getting
# implementation shipped with recent R versions:
bp_...elt = getFromNamespace("...elt", "backports")

foo = function(n, ...) bp_...elt(n)
foo(n = 2, "a", "b", "c")

Backport of ...length for R < 3.4.2

Description

See the original description in base::...length.

Usage

...length()

Examples

# get function from namespace instead of possibly getting
# implementation shipped with recent R versions:
bp_...length = getFromNamespace("...length", "backports")

foo = function(...) bp_...length()
foo(1, 2, 3)

Backport of ...names for R < 4.1.0

Description

See the original description in base::...names.

Usage

...names()

Examples

# get function from namespace instead of possibly getting
# implementation shipped with recent R versions:
bp_...names = getFromNamespace("...names", "backports")

foo = function(...) bp_...names()
foo(a = 1, b = 2, 3)

Backport of .libPaths for R < 4.1.0

Description

See the original description in base::.libPaths.

Usage

.libPaths(new, include.site = TRUE)

Examples

save <- .libPaths()
save
# ignore the site library
.libPaths("test", include.site = FALSE)

# restore the original
.libPaths(save)

Backport of .valid.factor for R < 3.4.0

Description

See the original description in base::.valid.factor.

Usage

.valid.factor(object)

Examples

# get function from namespace instead of possibly getting
# implementation shipped with recent R versions:
bp_.valid_factor = getFromNamespace(".valid.factor", "backports")
bp_.valid_factor(factor(letters[1:3]))

Backport of R_user_dir for R < 4.0.0

Description

See the original description in tools::R_user_dir.

Usage

R_user_dir(package, which = c("data", "config", "cache"))

Examples

# get function from namespace instead of possibly getting
# implementation shipped with recent R versions:
bp_R_user_dir = getFromNamespace("R_user_dir", "backports")

bp_R_user_dir("backports")

Backport of URLencode for R < 3.2.0

Description

See the original description in utils::URLencode. Argument repeated is backported.

Usage

URLencode(URL, reserved = FALSE, repeated = FALSE)

Examples

# get function from namespace instead of possibly getting
# implementation shipped with recent R versions:
bp_URLencode = getFromNamespace("URLencode", "backports")

URLdecode(z <- "ab%20cd")
c(bp_URLencode(z), bp_URLencode(z, repeated = TRUE))

Backport of anyNA for R versions < 3.2.0.

Description

See the original description in base::anyNA.

Usage

anyNA(x, recursive = FALSE)

Examples

# get function from namespace instead of possibly getting
# implementation shipped with recent R versions:
bp_anyNA = getFromNamespace("anyNA", "backports")

bp_anyNA(letters)

Backport of as.Rconcordance for R < 4.3.0

Description

See the original description in tools::as.Rconcordance.

Usage

as.Rconcordance(x, ...)

Backport of as.Rconcordance.default for R < 4.3.0

Description

See the original description in tools::as.Rconcordance.

Usage

## Default S3 method:
as.Rconcordance(x, ...)

Backport of as.character.Rconcordance for R < 4.3.0

Description

See the original description in tools::as.character.Rconcordance.

Usage

## S3 method for class 'Rconcordance'
as.character(x, targetfile = "", ...)

Backport of asplit for R < 3.6.0

Description

See the original description in base::asplit.

Usage

asplit(x, MARGIN)

Examples

# get function from namespace instead of possibly getting
# implementation shipped with recent R versions:
bp_asplit = getFromNamespace("asplit", "backports")
x = matrix(1:6, 2, 3)
bp_asplit(x, 1)

Backport of capture.output for R < 3.3.0

Description

Argument type has been backported. See the original description in utils::capture.output.

Usage

capture.output(
  ...,
  file = NULL,
  append = FALSE,
  type = c("output", "message"),
  split = FALSE
)

Examples

# get function from namespace instead of possibly getting
# implementation shipped with recent R versions:
bp_capture.output <- getFromNamespace("capture.output", "backports")

captured <- bp_capture.output({ message("hi") }, type = "message")
str(captured)

Backport of dQuote and sQuote for R < 3.6.0

Description

Argument q has been backported. See the original description in base::dQuote() and base::sQuote().

Usage

dQuote(x, q = getOption("useFancyQuotes"))

sQuote(x, q = getOption("useFancyQuotes"))

Examples

# get function from namespace instead of possibly getting
# implementation shipped with recent R versions:
bp_dQuote <- getFromNamespace("dQuote", "backports")
bp_dQuote("foo")
bp_dQuote("foo", q = TRUE)

Backport of deparse1 for R < 4.0.0

Description

See the original description in base::deparse1.

Usage

deparse1(expr, collapse = " ", width.cutoff = 500L, ...)

Examples

# get function from namespace instead of possibly getting
# implementation shipped with recent R versions:
bp_deparse1 = getFromNamespace("deparse1", "backports")

bp_deparse1(quote(`foo bar`))

Backport of dir.exists for R < 3.2.0

Description

See the original description in base::dir.exists.

Usage

dir.exists(paths)

Examples

# get function from namespace instead of possibly getting
# implementation shipped with recent R versions:
bp_dir.exists = getFromNamespace("dir.exists", "backports")

bp_dir.exists(tempdir())

Backport of endsWith for R < 3.3.0

Description

See the original description in base::endsWith.

Usage

endsWith(x, suffix)

Examples

# get function from namespace instead of possibly getting
# implementation shipped with recent R versions:
bp_endsWith = getFromNamespace("endsWith", "backports")

bp_endsWith(c("aabb", "bbcc"), "bb")

Backport of file.info for R < 3.2.0

Description

Argument extra_cols has been backported. See the original description in base::file.info.

Usage

file.info(..., extra_cols = TRUE)

Examples

# get function from namespace instead of possibly getting
# implementation shipped with recent R versions:
bp_file.info = getFromNamespace("file.info", "backports")

bp_file.info(file.path(R.home(), "COPYING"), extra_cols = FALSE)

Backports of wrappers around file.info for R < 3.2.0

Description

See the original description in base::file.size.

Usage

file.mode(...)

file.mtime(...)

file.size(...)

Examples

# get functions from namespace instead of possibly getting
# implementations shipped with recent R versions:
bp_file.size = getFromNamespace("file.size", "backports")
bp_file.mode = getFromNamespace("file.size", "backports")
bp_file.mtime = getFromNamespace("file.size", "backports")

fn = file.path(R.home(), "COPYING")
bp_file.size(fn)
bp_file.mode(fn)
bp_file.size(fn)

Backport of get0 for R < 3.2.0

Description

See the original description in base::get0.

Usage

get0(
  x,
  envir = pos.to.env(-1L),
  mode = "any",
  inherits = TRUE,
  ifnotfound = NULL
)

Examples

# get function from namespace instead of possibly getting
# implementation shipped with recent R versions:
bp_get0 = getFromNamespace("get0", "backports")

bp_get0("a")
bp_get0("a", ifnotfound = 0)

foo = 12
bp_get0("foo")

Backport of hasName for R < 3.4.0

Description

See the original description in utils::hasName.

Usage

hasName(x, name)

Examples

# get function from namespace instead of possibly getting
# implementation shipped with recent R versions:
bp_hasName = getFromNamespace("hasName", "backports")

bp_hasName(list(a = 1, b = 2), c("a", "b", "c"))

Import backported functions into your package

Description

Imports objects from backports into the namespace of other packages by assigning it during load-time. See examples for a code snippet to copy to your package.

Usage

import(pkgname, obj = NULL, force = FALSE)

Arguments

pkgname

[character(1)]
Name of the package where the backported function should be assigned.

obj

[character]
Name of objects to assign, as character vector. If NULL, all backports which are not provided by R itself are assigned.

force

[logical]
If obj is provided and force is set to FALSE, only backports not provided by the base package of the executing R interpreter are imported. Set to TRUE to ignore this check and always import the backport into the package's namespace.

See Also

.onLoad

Examples

## Not run: 
# This imports all functions implemented in backports while the package is loaded
.onLoad <- function(libname, pkgname) {
  backports::import(pkgname)
}

# This only imports the function "trimws"
.onLoad <- function(libname, pkgname) {
  backports::import(pkgname, "trimws")
}

# This imports all backports from base and force-imports "hasName" from utils
.onLoad <- function(libname, pkgname) {
  backports::import(pkgname)
  backports::import(pkgname, "hasName", force = TRUE)
}

## End(Not run)

Backport of isFALSE for R < 3.4.2

Description

See the original description in base::isFALSE.

Usage

isFALSE(x)

Examples

# get function from namespace instead of possibly getting
# implementation shipped with recent R versions:
bp_isFALSE = getFromNamespace("isFALSE", "backports")

bp_isFALSE(FALSE)
bp_isFALSE(iris)

Backport of isNamespaceLoaded for R < 3.2.0

Description

See the original description in base::isNamespaceLoaded.

Usage

isNamespaceLoaded(name)

Examples

# get function from namespace instead of possibly getting
# implementation shipped with recent R versions:
bp_isNamespaceLoaded = getFromNamespace("isNamespaceLoaded", "backports")

bp_isNamespaceLoaded("backports")

Backport of isTRUE for R < 3.5.0

Description

The implementation of 'isTRUE' has been changed in R-3.5.0 from identical(x, TRUE) to is.logical(x) && length(x) == 1L && !is.na(x) && x. This backport overloads the old implementation for R versions prior to 3.5.0.

Usage

isTRUE(x)

Examples

# get function from namespace instead of possibly getting
# implementation shipped with recent R versions:
bp_isTRUE = getFromNamespace("isTRUE", "backports")

bp_isTRUE(FALSE)
bp_isTRUE(iris)

Backport of lengths for R < 3.2.0

Description

See the original description in base::lengths.

Usage

lengths(x, use.names = TRUE)

Examples

# get function from namespace instead of possibly getting
# implementation shipped with recent R versions:
bp_lengths = getFromNamespace("lengths", "backports")

bp_lengths(list(1:3, 2))

Backport of list2DF for R < 4.0.0

Description

See the original description in base::list2DF. Note that the behaviour of list2DF() changed in R 4.2.0. Instead of recycling vectors to common length, an exception is raised. This backport implements the new behaviour, throwing an error message.

Usage

list2DF(x = list(), nrow = 0L)

Examples

# get function from namespace instead of possibly getting
# implementation shipped with recent R versions:
bp_list2DF = getFromNamespace("list2DF", "backports")

bp_list2DF(list(x = 1:3, y = 2:4))

Backport of matchConcordance for R < 4.3.0

Description

See the original description in tools::matchConcordance.

Usage

matchConcordance(linenum, concordance)

Backport of the null-coalescing operator for R < 4.4.0

Description

See the original description in Control.

Usage

x %||% y

Arguments

x

(any).

y

(any).

Examples

# get function from namespace instead of possibly getting
# implementation shipped with recent R versions:
bp_null_coalesce = getFromNamespace("%||%", "backports")

bp_null_coalesce(NULL, FALSE)

Backport of paste for R < 4.0.1

Description

See the original description in base::paste.

Usage

paste(..., sep = " ", collapse = NULL, recycle0 = FALSE)

Examples

# get function from namespace instead of possibly getting
# implementation shipped with recent R versions:
bp_paste = getFromNamespace("paste", "backports")
bp_paste(letters[1:3], character(), collapse = NULL, recycle0 = TRUE)

Backport of paste0 for R < 4.0.1

Description

See the original description in base::paste0.

Usage

paste0(..., collapse = NULL, recycle0 = FALSE)

Examples

# get function from namespace instead of possibly getting
# implementation shipped with recent R versions:
bp_paste0 = getFromNamespace("paste0", "backports")
bp_paste0(letters[1:3], character(), collapse = NULL, recycle0 = TRUE)

Backport of print.Rconcordance for R < 4.3.0

Description

See the original description in tools::print.Rconcordance.

Usage

## S3 method for class 'Rconcordance'
print(x, ...)

Backport of removeSource for R < 3.6.0

Description

See the original description in utils::removeSource.

Usage

removeSource(fn)

Examples

# get function from namespace instead of possibly getting
# implementation shipped with recent R versions:
bp_removeSource = getFromNamespace("removeSource", "backports")

bp_removeSource(mean)

Backport of startsWith for R < 3.3.0

Description

See the original description in base::startsWith.

Usage

startsWith(x, prefix)

Examples

# get function from namespace instead of possibly getting
# implementation shipped with recent R versions:
bp_startsWith = getFromNamespace("startsWith", "backports")

bp_startsWith(c("aabb", "bbcc"), "bb")

Backport of stopifnot for R versions < 4.0.0.

Description

See the original description in base::stopifnot.

Usage

stopifnot(..., exprs, exprObject, local = TRUE)

Examples

# get function from namespace instead of possibly getting
# implementation shipped with recent R versions:
bp_stopifnot = getFromNamespace("stopifnot", "backports")

m <- matrix(c(1, 3, 12, 1), 2, 2)
## Not run: bp_stopifnot("m must be symmetric" = m == t(m))

Backport of str2expression for R < 3.6.0

Description

See the original description in base::str2expression.

Usage

str2expression(text)

Examples

# get function from namespace instead of possibly getting
# implementation shipped with recent R versions:
str2expression <- getFromNamespace("str2expression", "backports")

str2expression("x[3] <- 1+4")

Backport of str2lang for R < 3.6.0

Description

See the original description in base::str2lang.

Usage

str2lang(s)

Examples

# get function from namespace instead of possibly getting
# implementation shipped with recent R versions:
str2lang <- getFromNamespace("str2lang", "backports")

str2lang("x[3] <- 1+4")

Backport of strrep for R < 3.3.0

Description

See the original description in base::strrep.

Usage

strrep(x, times)

Examples

# get function from namespace instead of possibly getting
# implementation shipped with recent R versions:
bp_strrep = getFromNamespace("strrep", "backports")

bp_strrep("-", 10)

Backport of suppressWarnings and suppressMessages for R < 4.0.0

Description

Backport for new argument 'classes'. See the original description in base::suppressWarnings/base::suppressMessages.

Usage

suppressWarnings(expr, classes = "warning")

suppressMessages(expr, classes = "message")

Examples

# get function from namespace instead of possibly getting
# implementation shipped with recent R versions:
bp_suppressWarnings = getFromNamespace("suppressWarnings", "backports")
bp_suppressWarnings(warningCondition("warning", class = "testWarning"), "testWarning")

Backport of trimws for R < 3.3.0

Description

See the original description in base::trimws.

Usage

trimws(x, which = c("both", "left", "right"))

Examples

# get function from namespace instead of possibly getting
# implementation shipped with recent R versions:
bp_trimws = getFromNamespace("trimws", "backports")
bp_trimws(c("  a  ", "b  ", "  c"))

bp_trimws(c("  a  ", "b  ", "  c"), which = "left")

Backport of vignetteInfo for R < 3.6.0

Description

See the original description in tools::vignetteInfo.

Usage

vignetteInfo(file)

Examples

# get function from namespace instead of possibly getting
# implementation shipped with recent R versions:
bp_vignetteInfo = getFromNamespace("vignetteInfo", "backports")

Backport of warningCondition and errorCondition for R < 3.6.0

Description

See the original description in base::warningCondition/base::errorCondition.

Usage

warningCondition(msg, ..., class = NULL, call = NULL)

errorCondition(msg, ..., class = NULL, call = NULL)

Examples

# get function from namespace instead of possibly getting
# implementation shipped with recent R versions:
bp_warningCondition = getFromNamespace("warningCondition", "backports")
bp_warningCondition("package backports not found")

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