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cacs_isochrone(), cacs_acs_prefetch(), and
cacs_intersect_weight(), and so cacs_run(),
now save their results in a folder inside the temporary folder of the R
session, which R deletes when the session ends. Versions 0.5.1 and
earlier saved them in the user cache folder of the operating system and
kept them until they were deleted. To keep saved results between
sessions, add this line to the R startup file:
options(catchmentACS.cache_dir = tools::R_user_dir("catchmentACS", "cache")).
A cache folder outside the temporary folder is tidied once per session:
results not used for 30 days are deleted, and
options(catchmentACS.cache_max_age_days = ) sets another
number of days. The package no longer reads or deletes the folder used
by earlier versions; ?cacs_cache_dir gives its location,
and it can be deleted by hand. The packages memoise and rappdirs are no
longer needed.cacs_set_cache(scope = "global") no longer writes to
the R startup file. It sets the option for the session and shows the
line to add to the startup file. confirm is kept so that
code written for earlier versions still runs, but it is not used.cacs_cache_dir() no longer creates the cache folder
unless create = TRUE.as_tibble() on a cacs_run() result keeps
the rows in their order by default. rate_first = TRUE puts
the rate rows first within each site and drive time, and
options(catchmentACS.rate_first_default = TRUE) does the
same for conversions called from your own code, while conversions made
inside other packages keep the order. As a result,
dplyr::semi_join(), dplyr::anti_join(), and
summaries after dplyr::rowwise() return the right
rows.cacs_plot_site_isochrone(),
cacs_plot_site_intersection(),
cacs_plot_site_weighted(),
cacs_plot_site_rates(), and
cacs_plot_site_pipeline()) now draw the standard
OpenStreetMap map by default (tiles = "OpenStreetMap"). The
CARTO tiles used before need an API key, which these functions do not
send, and they showed a notice asking for one. Any other provider in
leaflet::providers can still be chosen with
tiles.cacs_intersect_weight() and
cacs_run(acs = ) now treat the Census Bureau’s annotation
codes (-222222222, -333333333, -555555555, -666666666, -888888888, and
-999999999) in the estimates and margins of error of ACS data given to
them as missing, with a warning that names the codes found; they used to
enter the sums. A code in place of a margin of error therefore makes
that margin of error NA, and a rate that uses the variable
NA as well. Data from cacs_acs_prefetch() and
the bundled data give the same results as before.cacs_acs_validate(),
cacs_intersect_weight(), cacs_run(acs = ), and
cacs_acs_prefetch() now stop with an error when a tract has
two rows for the same variable; such a row used to be added twice.cacs_intersect_weight(), and cacs_run()
through it, now recognize saved results by the drive-time areas
themselves, so a subset or an edited copy of a
cacs_isochrone() result no longer returns rows saved for
another subset. The key also no longer depends on how the row names of
the areas are stored. Results saved by earlier versions are computed
again once.cacs_isochrone() now stops at the first site that gets
HTTP status 429, 401, or 403 and sends no request for the remaining
sites; before, it tried every site first.cacs_isochrone() no longer reads a port number in a
connection error, such as “port 443”, as an HTTP status. A connection
failure or a timeout is therefore tried again, up to three times, as the
help page describes; before, the site was not tried again.cacs_acs_prefetch() likewise no longer reads a port
number or a waiting time in a connection error as an HTTP status. A
connection failure is tried up to three times and then stops with an
error of class catchmentACS_error_network; before, it
stopped at once with an error saying that the Census Bureau had refused
the request.cacs_isochrone() no longer saves a result in which
routing failed for a site in a way that may be temporary (no answer, a
timeout, or an HTTP 5xx status), and it does not use such a result saved
by an earlier version, so a temporary failure is not returned again from
the cache. A site that the routing service rejects with another HTTP 4xx
status is saved with the result, and a warning says so when the saved
result is used.options(osrm.server = ) now stays in
use over repeated cacs_isochrone() calls; before, loading
the osrm package during the first call replaced it with the public demo
server for later calls, and the record kept with the result named that
server.cacs_acs_prefetch(), and so cacs_run(), no
longer stops with “package lwgeom required” when spherical geometry is
turned off with sf::sf_use_s2(FALSE): the check for tracts
without area now measures the tracts in EPSG:5070 in that case, so the
lwgeom package is not needed.cacs_intersect_weight(), and so
cacs_run(), now leaves the option sf_use_s2 as
it was. It turns spherical geometry off while it runs, as before, but it
used to set the option to TRUE afterwards when the option
had not been set.cacs_run(output = "list_column") no longer gives the
warnings Unknown or uninitialised column when
sites is an sf object built on a tibble without
lon and lat columns. The two columns of the
result are NA, as before, and are read only from columns
with exactly these names.cacs_acs_prefetch() now reads back a result it saved
together with its message about removed water tracts also when the
package is installed with its sources kept (for example with
R_KEEP_PKG_SOURCE=yes). The saved message kept a reference
to the package source that changed when the file was read, so the saved
copy never matched its checksum file and each call downloaded the data
again.cacs_alabama_sites table when they are called as
catchmentACS:: without library(catchmentACS),
and an object of the same name in the global environment no longer takes
its place.cacs_derive_rates() now gives an error for an argument
passed through ..., such as level = 0.95,
which it used to ignore; the confidence level is set in
cacs_propagate_moe().cacs_intersect_weight(), and so
cacs_run(), now stops with an error of class
catchmentACS_error_geometry when the geometry of no row of
the drive-time areas or of the tracts can be repaired; before, an error
in writing the message took its place.cacs_summary_as_markdown() now names the confidence
level of the result in the caption of rates_per_site_moe,
which always said 90%; summary() records the level on that
table.cacs_intersect_weight() has a new argument
cache_dir, as cacs_isochrone() and
cacs_acs_prefetch() have, and
cacs_run(cache_dir = ) now applies to all three steps.cacs_clear_cache() and cacs_cache_status()
now handle only the files named the way the package names its saved
files, and they include the GeoPackage files written by
cacs_acs_prefetch(write_gpkg = TRUE).
cacs_clear_cache(confirm = TRUE) in a non-interactive
session now says that it deleted nothing because it could not ask for
confirmation.phase values that
cacs_capture_conditions() returns for conditions from
cacs_run(), cacs_derive_rates(), and
cacs_propagate_moe() are now "run",
"rates", and "moe"; before, they were longer
labels that began with a section number of an internal design document.
Several warnings and messages that had no phase now have
the name of their step, such as "isochrone" or
"intersect".cacs_derive_rates_custom() and crs_area). The
messages about the OSRM res value used when
res is not given say which value was used and how to choose
another. The condition classes are unchanged.cacs_validate_iso() gives plainer fix_hint
and expected text for ring topology, provider values, and
missing columns. The check values and the columns of the
table are unchanged.cacs_derive_rates() about rates that are
NA or use a replacement formula no longer names an internal
function as its call. It names the call of
cacs_derive_rates(), or no call when
cacs_run() calls it.cacs_run(output = "list_column") result no longer has
the attribute iso_was_filled, which was used only inside
the package.vignette(), longer formulas were
shown as TeX code before and are now displayed as formulas, also without
an internet connection.?cacs_isochrone and ?cacs_acs_prefetch show
results of those functions stored in the package.COPYRIGHTS names the bundled data files
that hold OpenStreetMap or Census Bureau data and gives the notices for
those data.cacs_isochrone() and cacs_run() do not
build drive-time areas with provider = "mapbox" or
provider = "r5r", which are not implemented and give an
error, and cacs_derive_rates() accepts only the five
built-in rates.cacs_isochrone(provider = "ors") has been checked only
with simulated responses from openrouteservice.cacs_isochrone() sets no time limit on its requests. A
routing server that accepts the connection but does not answer makes the
call wait, and a server that cannot be reached is tried three times for
each site, so a call with many sites can take minutes before it returns
a result in which every site failed.
cacs_validate_osrm_endpoint() checks an OSRM server with a
time limit.cacs_acs_prefetch() downloads American Community Survey
(ACS) 5-year estimates for the census tracts of one state per call.cacs_intersect_weight() and cacs_run()
decide how to combine a variable from its ACS code alone. Codes in
tables B19013 and B25077 are treated as medians, codes in table B19301
as per-person values, and every other code made of “B”, five digits, an
underscore, and three digits as a count, which is added up over the
tracts. A median or per-person value with a code of that form from any
other table therefore comes out as a sum of tract values, with
weight_basis = "coverage" and no warning.cacs_derive_rates() or
cacs_run() divides the total of its numerator by the total
of its denominator, even when the two totals come from different tracts.
This happens when the ACS data have a tract’s row for one of the two
codes but not for the other, for example after rows with a missing
estimate were removed. The rate can then be far from the share for the
area, even above 1, without a warning; n_tracts_num and
n_tracts_den then differ, unless the two codes lack the
same number of tracts.cacs_intersect_weight() and cacs_run() leave
that tract out of the variable’s total or average without a warning, so
a total comes out too small, and cacs_acs_validate() does
not report the missing row. n_tracts on that variable’s row
is then smaller than on the rows of the variables that have the
tract.legacy_2025_isochrones.rds are circles with a radius of 1
km per minute of driving, not areas computed by a routing service, yet
their routing columns hold fixed values such as
provider = "osrm",
routing_engine_version = "OSRM 5.27.1", and
osm_snapshot_status = "explicit". Results computed from
them therefore name OSRM as the provider, in their columns and in the
output of print() and cacs_describe().DESCRIPTION, and the description of the data
files installed with the package are revised to use plain language;
function behavior is unchanged. The articles have new titles, and the
package website groups them as “Using the package”, “Methods”, and
“Updating from older versions”.cacs_intersect_weight() now computes the weights that
average medians and per-person values (the area shares) separately for
each variable. Previously, they were computed over all the variables of
a site and drive time together, so these estimates and their margins of
error were too small. When every tract has a row for each variable, they
were divided by the number of variables in the call. They now lie within
the range of the tract values. Counts and the five built-in rates, which
use coverage weights, were not affected.cacs_run() now fills the isochrone column
of output = "list_column" and output = "both"
results also when it builds the drive-time areas itself. In 0.4.0 and
0.4.5 the column was filled only when the areas were supplied through
precomputed_isochrones.cacs_isochrone() now accepts sites as a base data
frame, as well as a tibble or an sf object of points.cacs_acs_prefetch() now accepts only whole-number years
from 2009 to 2024, and a year with a fraction gives an error instead of
being truncated. It now looks for a saved result of the data in the
cache before it sends any request, and without
CENSUS_API_KEY a download stops with an error before any
request is sent. Copies saved by earlier versions are not read, so the
first call after the upgrade downloads the data again and needs the
key.cacs_run(weight_method = "population") now stops with
an error before any download, routing request, or spatial calculation.
Area weighting is the only weighting method implemented.cacs_intersect_weight() now finds a saved result in the
cache faster, because it computes the cache key from the tract
boundaries more quickly. The new key does not change the results.
Results saved by earlier versions are not found and are computed again
once.vignette("theory-spatial-aggregation", package = "catchmentACS"),
vignette("theory-moe-propagation", package = "catchmentACS"),
and
vignette("theory-derived-rates", package = "catchmentACS").
Three more are new as well:
vignette("methodology", package = "catchmentACS") gives the
whole calculation in one place,
vignette("alabama-tutorial", package = "catchmentACS") runs
the five steps one at a time, and
vignette("providers", package = "catchmentACS") covers the
routing services, the API keys, and running without a network.
vignette("porting-v04-to-v05", package = "catchmentACS")
describes the changes for code written for 0.4.0 or 0.4.5.citation("catchmentACS") gives a citation for the
package. The source code is at https://github.com/joonho112/catchmentACS and the
documentation site at https://joonho112.github.io/catchmentACS/.cacs_isochrone() and cacs_run() do not
build drive-time areas with provider = "mapbox" or
provider = "r5r", which are not implemented and give an
error, and cacs_derive_rates() accepts only the five
built-in rates.cacs_isochrone(provider = "ors") has been checked only
with simulated responses from openrouteservice.cacs_acs_prefetch() downloads American Community Survey
(ACS) 5-year estimates for the census tracts of one state per call.dplyr::semi_join(), dplyr::anti_join(),
and dplyr::summarise() or dplyr::reframe()
after dplyr::rowwise() with grouping variables give wrong
results for a cacs_run() result, without a warning, unless
options(catchmentACS.rate_first_default = FALSE) is set
(see ?as_tibble.cacs_run_result).cacs_validate_osrm_endpoint() now sends its request to
the path that the public Open Source Routing Machine (OSRM) demo server
routing.openstreetmap.de expects, which starts with the
profile (for example /routed-car/route/v1/driving/...);
other servers keep the path /route/v1/driving/.... It also
returns the HTTP status of an error response in http_status
instead of treating the response as a failed request.cacs_isochrone() works with version 5 of the osrm
package and keeps the areas and the number of requests of each
res value unchanged. The osrm package may then show the
message “‘res’ is deprecated, use ‘n’ instead” for each site, and the
res value is still used.cacs_acs_prefetch() no longer passes the deprecated
argument cache = TRUE to
tidycensus::load_variables().print() for cacs_run() results writes its
header lines as messages, which capture.output(print(x))
does not capture. ?print.cacs_run_result now says so and
shows capture.output(print(x), type = "message").as_tibble() for cacs_run() results now
puts the rows of the five rates before the ACS variables within each
site and drive time. Code that relies on row positions gets a different
order; rate_first = FALSE or
options(catchmentACS.rate_first_default = FALSE) keeps the
order of the result. A message of class
catchmentACS_message_rate_first_changed reports the change
once per session.cacs_isochrone() with the public OSRM demo server
(osrm_mode = "demo", the default) now uses
res = 30L when res is not given, instead of
70L. Fewer requests are sent, so the server is less likely
to refuse them with HTTP status 429 (too many requests). A message of
class catchmentACS_message_demo_budget_protected reports
this once per session.
options(catchmentACS.osrm_demo_budget_protect = FALSE)
restores 70L, which osrm_mode = "docker"
keeps, and a res that is given is used as it is.summary() for cacs_run() results gains the
elements rates_per_site and
rates_per_site_moe: tables of the five rates with one row
for each site and drive time, the second with margins of error. The new
argument breakdown ("cross_site", the default,
"per_site", or "both") chooses the tables that
are printed.print() for cacs_run() results now shows
all five rates, with the mean and standard deviation of each over all
site and drive-time pairs (“Top 5 rates (cross-site mean +/- sd)”),
instead of the top three. It also shows a “Rates per site” table when
the result has at most
getOption("catchmentACS.summary_per_site_max") sites (12 by
default).cacs_summary_as_markdown() recognizes the per-site rate
tables and formats them with the columns in a fixed order and a caption
that says whether the cells include margins of error.cacs_run(output = "list_column") now fills the
isochrone column with the drive-time area of each site and
drive time when the areas are supplied through
precomputed_isochrones; in 0.3.0 the cells were
NULL. A message of class
catchmentACS_message_listcol_iso_filled reports the
fill.cacs_capture_conditions() gains the argument
return_value. With "both", it returns a list
of the value of the expression (result) and the table of
captured conditions (conditions), so the value can be kept
without assigning it with <<-. The default,
"conditions", returns the table as before, and
options(catchmentACS.capture_return_value = "both") changes
the default.cacs_validate_osrm_endpoint() is a new function that
sends one small request to an OSRM server and returns a one-row tibble
with the columns endpoint, quota_ok,
response_ms, and http_status. When the server
responds with HTTP status 429, it gives a warning of class
catchmentACS_warning_provider_quota_exhausted.cacs_isochrone() now suggests three alternatives in its
error for HTTP status 429: a lower res (such as
iso_args = list(res = 30L)),
osrm_mode = "docker", or another routing service.summary() for cacs_run() results now
matches the values in each row of rates_breakdown to the
rate named in its variable column. In 0.2.0 and 0.3.0 each
row showed the mean, standard deviation, and number of missing values of
the next rate in alphabetical order, so rates_breakdown
values computed with those versions should be recomputed.
dplyr::group_by() on a cacs_run() result now
uses the new method group_by.cacs_run_result(), which
removes the class cacs_run_result before grouping.vignette("porting-v03-to-v04", package = "catchmentACS")
describes the changes for code written for 0.3.0.cacs_intersect_weight() and cacs_run() now
accept only cumulative drive-time areas, in which each area contains the
areas of the shorter drive times. Bands between two drive times (for
example 5 to 10 minutes) give an error of class
catchmentACS_error_annulus_input, and the new function
cacs_rings_to_cumulative() converts them.
cacs_isochrone() and cacs_run() record this in
a column ring_topology, always
"cumulative".cacs_isochrone() with OSRM joins the bands that the
osrm package returns for several drive times into cumulative areas, so
the area for each drive time contains the shorter ones.cacs_isochrone() with OSRM now uses
res = 70L when res is not given (the effective
value in 0.2.0 was 50) and reports this once per session with a message
of class catchmentACS_message_res_default_changed.
iso_args = list(res = 50L) gives the resolution of 0.2.0,
and a res that is given produces no message.cacs_derive_rates() now computes ssi_rate
as B19056_002 / B19056_001, the share of households with
Supplemental Security Income among the households of table B19056.
Previously, it divided B19056_001 by
B11001_001, two counts of all households.
cacs_acs_default_vars gains B19056_002
(ssi_hh), so it now includes the numerator and the
denominator of every built-in rate.cacs_derive_rates() gives a warning of class
catchmentACS_warning_carrier_missing when the numerator or
the denominator of a rate is missing from its input, and sets only that
rate to NA.cacs_acs_prefetch() keeps ACS data saved in test mode
(for example while testthat runs) in the cache subfolder
acs_test, apart from other saved data in acs,
and outside test mode it does not read acs_test.
Previously, data saved by tests could later be read as real ACS
data.cacs_intersect_weight() now builds its cache key from
the content of acs_sf, so a saved result is not reused
after the ACS estimates or tract boundaries change.cacs_isochrone(), cacs_acs_prefetch(), and
cacs_intersect_weight() now save a checksum file
(.fingerprint, SHA-256) next to each saved result. A saved
result whose checksum file is missing or damaged, whose file cannot be
read, or whose checksum does not match is deleted and computed again, so
results saved by 0.2.0 are computed again once.cacs_set_cache() is a new function that turns the cache
off or on for the session or, with scope = "global", also
for later sessions. cacs_get_cache_state() is a new
function that shows the cache settings and, in counters,
the numbers of hits and misses for each kind of saved result, which
cacs_clear_cache() resets.cacs_acs_prefetch() gives a warning of class
catchmentACS_warning_cache_stale_suspect when ACS data read
from the cache have fewer rows than expected, with steps to clear the
cache. The option catchmentACS.stale_threshold_rows sets
the number of rows (1000 by default; 0 turns the check off), and an
option such as catchmentACS.stale_threshold_WY sets it for
one state.?catchmentACS-conditions is a new help page that lists
the condition classes of the package. Messages and warnings are now
given through rlang with these classes, so code can select them by
class. cacs_capture_conditions() is a new function that
runs an expression and returns a table of the package’s messages and
warnings with the columns class, message,
phase, timestamp, and call.cacs_acs_prefetch() now gives the message about removed
water tracts (class
catchmentACS_message_water_tract_filter) also in
non-interactive sessions such as Rscript, and repeats it
when ACS data saved by 0.3.0 or later are read from the cache.cacs_run(verbose = TRUE) now passes
verbose to all five steps, and each step reports a progress
summary. Progress messages (classes
catchmentACS_message_progress_tick and
catchmentACS_message_progress_summary) now appear under
Rscript too, and the option
catchmentACS.progress_throttle thins the progress lines of
large batches, always keeping the last one.cacs_intersect_weight() and cacs_run()
also give the older classes cacs_error_annulus_input and
cacs_error_schema to their errors for drive-time bands, so
code written for those classes still works.cacs_isochrone() records an estimate of the requests
that the osrm package sends for each site
(osrm_request_budget in the attribute
cacs_isochrone_provenance).cacs_isochrone(osrm_mode = "docker") sends its requests
to a local OSRM server, http://0.0.0.0:5000/ unless another
address is given, and gives a message of class
catchmentACS_message_perf_fix_applied that there is no wait
between requests. The OSRM server and profile are now part of the cache
key.cacs_describe() is a new function that prints a
description of how a result was produced, for the result of
cacs_run() or of one of its steps, without changing the
object.cacs_validate_iso() is a new function that checks a
table of drive-time areas and lists the problems it finds, each of which
would make cacs_intersect_weight() or
cacs_run() stop with an error. cacs_run() now
checks the columns of precomputed_isochrones before it uses
them, and several error messages about input tables now suggest a
fix.cacs_summary_as_markdown() is a new function that
formats the tables of summary() for a
cacs_run() result as Markdown pipe tables.cacs_intersect_weight(keep_tract_audit = TRUE) adds the
attribute cacs_tract_audit, a table of the tracts in each
drive-time area with the columns site_id,
drive_time_min, GEOID, area_wt,
int_area_m2, and tract_area_m2.cacs_derive_rates() compares each rate with a fixed
range when options(catchmentACS.audit_rates = TRUE) is set,
and gives a warning of class
catchmentACS_warning_rate_out_of_range for rates outside
it. The check is off by default and does not change the rates.cacs_plot_site_rates() and
cacs_plot_site_pipeline() now accept lat and
lon as an alternative to site_id. They map the
site in sites_df nearest to the point, with a message of
class catchmentACS_message_resolve_site, and give a warning
of class catchmentACS_warning_resolve_site_distant when
that site is more than 5 km away.cacs_intersect_weight() hides two notices from sf in
its own intersection steps: that coordinates are treated as planar, and
that attributes are assumed to be constant over the geometries. The
package’s own warnings, such as those about skipped tracts, are still
shown.vignette("porting-v01-to-v03", package = "catchmentACS")
describes, with examples, the changes for code written for 0.1.0 or
0.2.0.cacs_plot_site_isochrone(),
cacs_plot_site_intersection(),
cacs_plot_site_weighted(), and
cacs_plot_site_rates() are new functions that draw leaflet
maps of one site at each step of the calculation, and
cacs_plot_site_pipeline() draws all four. A site is chosen
by site_id and sites_df, by lat
and lon, or by site_name.
vignette("visual-walkthrough", package = "catchmentACS")
shows the maps. The functions need the leaflet package, which
catchmentACS lists under Suggests.cacs_run() now returns an object of class
cacs_run_result, which is still a tibble, so code that uses
the result as a tibble works as before. Its print() method
shows a summary of the run before the rows, and summary()
returns a cacs_run_summary list with the mean, standard
deviation, and number of missing values of each rate. Both use the
attribute cacs_run_result_metadata; without it,
print() shows a plain tibble.cacs_isochrone(), cacs_acs_prefetch(), and
cacs_intersect_weight() now report progress when
verbose = TRUE: a summary for small jobs, and progress for
each site or pair when there are five or more.
options(catchmentACS.progress = "off") or the environment
variable CACS_QUIET=1 turns this off, and
options(catchmentACS.progress = "force") shows the progress
for each site or pair at any size. cacs_run(verbose = TRUE)
passes verbose to
cacs_intersect_weight().cacs_derive_rates() fills two new columns on rate rows,
n_tracts_num and n_tracts_den: the numbers of
tracts combined for the numerator and for the denominator.
n_tracts stays NA on rate rows.cacs_acs_prefetch() now removes, by default
(drop_water_tracts = TRUE), water and special-purpose
tracts (tract numbers 9900 and above) and tracts whose boundary has no
area. A message of class
catchmentACS_message_water_tract_filter lists up to five of
the removed GEOIDs. Previously, such tracts made the
area-weighted intersection stop with an error.cacs_intersect_weight() now skips tracts with no area,
with a warning of class catchmentACS_warning_geometry_skip,
and lists them in the attribute skipped_geoids. It still
stops with an error of class catchmentACS_error_geometry
when no tract has an area.cacs_isochrone() no longer gives three deprecation
warnings from tigris on each call, because it no longer passes the
argument returnclass to tigris::tracts().cacs_run() runs the five steps
cacs_acs_prefetch(), cacs_isochrone(),
cacs_intersect_weight(), cacs_propagate_moe(),
and cacs_derive_rates(), each of which can also be called
on its own.cacs_se_to_moe() and cacs_moe_to_se()
convert between standard errors and margins of error;
cacs_cache_dir(), cacs_cache_status(), and
cacs_clear_cache() find, summarize, and clear the cache
folder; and cacs_acs_validate() checks the form of ACS
data.cacs_alabama_sites, cacs_acs_default_vars,
and cacs_acs_default_rates are the package’s datasets.vignette("getting-started", package = "catchmentACS")
introduces the package.These binaries (installable software) and packages are in development.
They may not be fully stable and should be used with caution. We make no claims about them.