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diegr: Dynamic and Interactive EEG Graphics

Overview

The diegr package enables researchers to visualize high-density electroencephalography (HD-EEG) data with animated and interactive graphics, supporting both exploratory and confirmatory analyses of sensor-level brain signals.

The package diegr includes:

interactive boxplots (boxplot_epoch(), boxplot_subject(), boxplot_rt())
interactive waveforms (interactive_waveforms()) and surface plots (interactive_surfaceplot(), interactive_surfaceplot_curves())
topographic maps in 2D (topo_plot())
scalp plots in 3D (scalp_plot())
functions for computing summary statistics, baseline correction, pointwise and jackknife means (summary_stats_rt(), baseline_correction(), compute_mean())
functions for easy selection of data subsets or regions of interest (pick_data(), pick_region())
functions for plotting the mean with pointwise confidence intervals (plot_time_mean(), plot_topo_mean())
animations of the time course of raw signals or averages in 2D and 3D (animate_topo(), animate_topo_mean(), animate_scalp())

Installation

You can install the current version of diegr from CRAN with:

install.packages("diegr")

or the latest development version from GitHub with:

# install.packages("pak")
pak::pak("gerslovaz/diegr")

Data

Due to the large volumes of data obtained from HD-EEG measurements, the package allows users to work directly with database tables (in addition to common formats such as data frames or tibbles). This approach is much more memory-efficient.

The database you want to use as input to diegr functions must contain columns with the following structure:

group - group IDs,
subject - subject IDs,
sensor - sensor labels,
epoch - epoch numbers,
condition - experimental condition labels,
time - time-point indices (as sampling indices, not in ms),
signal - the EEG signal amplitude in microvolts (in most functions, the name of the column containing the amplitude can be customized arbitrarily).

Note: It is not necessary for the data to contain all variables, but if it does, they must be named according to the structure presented above. You can use the check_structure() function, which checks the data structure and prints the inferred hierarchy.

The package includes several example datasets:

epochdata: epoched HD-EEG data (anonymized small subset of a large HD-EEG study presented in Madetko-Alster et al., 2025) for two subjects and 204 selected sensors at 50 time points (measured using the EGI HCGSN256 system),
rtdata: response times (time between stimulus presentation and a button press) from the experiment involving a simple visual motor task (anonymized small subset of a large HD-EEG study presented in Madetko-Alster et al., 2025)

as well as datasets containing sensor position coordinates:

HCGSN256: a list with Cartesian coordinates of HD-EEG sensor positions in 3D space on the scalp surface and their projection into 2D space according to the EGI HCGSN256 template,
biosemi128 and biosemi256: lists with Cartesian coordinates of HD-EEG sensor positions in 3D space on the scalp surface and their projection into 2D space according to the BioSemi system with 128 and 256 electrodes,
system1005: a list with Cartesian coordinates of HD-EEG sensor positions in 3D space on the scalp surface and their projection into 2D space according to the standard 10-05 system.

For more information about the structure of the built-in data, see the package vignette vignette("diegr", package = "diegr").

Quick examples

Interactive boxplot

This basic example shows how to plot interactive epoch boxplots from a chosen electrode at different time points for one subject:

library(diegr)
data("epochdata")

epochdata |>
  pick_data(subject_rg = 1, sensor_rg = "E65") |>
  boxplot_epoch(amplitude = "signal", time_lim = 10:20)

A static screen of plotly interactive graph with boxplots of amplitude values from sensor E65 at time points 10:20 for Subject 1.

Note: The README format does not support interactive plotly elements, therefore, only a static preview of the result is shown.

Topographic map

data("HCGSN256")
# creating a mesh
M1 <- point_mesh(dimension = 2, n = 30000, type = "polygon",
                 template = "HCGSN256", 
                 sensor_select = unique(epochdata$sensor))
# filtering a subset of data to display 
data_short <- epochdata |>
  pick_data(subject_rg = 1, time_rg = 15, epoch_rg = 10)
# or you can use dplyr::filter()
# dplyr::filter(subject == 1 & epoch == 10 & time == 15) 
# function for displaying a topographic map of the chosen signal on the created mesh M1
topo_plot(data_short, amplitude = "signal", mesh = M1)

A top-down topographic map of a high-density EEG amplitude in red-blue colour scale with contours and black points on sensor locations. The amplitude legend is on the right side of the scalp projection.

Computing and displaying the average in the time domain

Compute the average signal for subject 2 from channels E65 and E34 (excluding the outlier epochs 14 and 15) and then display it along with confidence interval (CI) bounds (using plot_time_mean() conditioned by sensor).

# extract required data
edata <- epochdata |>
  pick_data(subject_rg = 2, sensor_rg = c("E34", "E65"), epoch_rg = 1:13)
# baseline correction
data_base <- baseline_correction(edata, baseline_range = 1:9)
# compute average
data_mean <- data_base |> 
  compute_mean(amplitude = "signal_base", type = "point", domain = "time")
# plot the average line with CI
plot_time_mean(data = data_mean, t0 = 10, condition_column = "sensor", legend_title = "Sensor")

For detailed examples, usage instructions, and troubleshooting information, including system requirements, see the package vignette: vignette("diegr", package = "diegr").

References Madetko-Alster N., Alster P., Lamoš M., Šmahovská L., Boušek T., Rektor I. and Bočková M. The role of the somatosensory cortex in self-paced movement impairment in Parkinson’s disease. Clinical Neurophysiology. 2025, vol. 171, 11-17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinph.2025.01.001

License This package is distributed under the MIT license. See the LICENSE file for details.

Citation Use citation("diegr") to cite this package.

These binaries (installable software) and packages are in development.
They may not be fully stable and should be used with caution. We make no claims about them.