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The U.S. Census publishes income data as counts in income brackets. Estimating income inequality from grouped income data requires that certain assumptions be made about the distribution of incomes within these brackets. The lorenz package provides two methods for computing income inequality statistics using grouped income data.
The package consists of main functions - lorenz_interp and mcib. lorenz_interp, which stands for Lorenz interpolation, is based on a new method I developed that estimates income inequality using an interpolated Lorenz curve. mcib, which stands for mean-constrained integration over brackets, estimates income inequality using a technique described in a 2018 paper from Jargowsky and Wheeler.
You can currently install the development version of lorenz from Github.
# install.packages("devtools")
devtools::install_github("datadiarist/lorenz")The main function of the lorenz package is lorenz_interp. This function requires three arguments - a vector giving the number of people/households in each bracket, a vector giving the bracket boundaries, and a number specifying the income distribution mean. Following previous research, the distribution described by the income boundaries is assumed to be bounded at the bottom and unbounded at the top. For instance, the boundaries in the example below specify a distribution whose bottom income bracket is $0-10000 and whose top income bracket is $200000+.
library(lorenz)
frequencies <- c(45, 31, 33, 27, 43, 40, 51, 50, 63, 97, 121, 132, 64, 54, 32, 12)
boundaries <- c(0, 10000, 15000, 20000, 25000, 30000, 35000, 40000, 45000, 50000, 60000, 75000,
100000, 125000, 150000, 200000)
mean_income <- 66500
# The Gini coefficient is given by default
lorenz_interp(frequencies, boundaries, mean_income)
#> [1] 0.3707927
# Use the stat parameter to specify the inequality measure (gini, theil, or atkinson)
lorenz_interp(frequencies, boundaries, mean_income, stat = 'theil')
#> [1] 0.238408lorenz also provides an implementation of mean-constrained integration over brackets with the mcib function. This function also requires three parameters - frequencies, boundaries, and a distribution mean.
# MCIB Gini
mcib(frequencies, boundaries, mean_income)
#> [1] 0.3584898
# MCIB Theil
mcib(frequencies, boundaries, mean_income, stat = 'theil')
#> [1] 0.2342135If you encounter a bug, please file an issue with a reproducible example on GitHub.
These binaries (installable software) and packages are in development.
They may not be fully stable and should be used with caution. We make no claims about them.