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The multibias package is used to adjust for multiple biases in causal inference when working with observational data. Bias here refers to the case when the associational estimate of effect does not equal the causal estimate of effect:
\[(P(Y=1|X=1,C=0) / P(Y=1|X=0,C=0)) \neq (P(Y^{X=1}=1) / P(Y^{X=0}=1))\]
The adjust()
family of functions output odds ratio
estimates adjusted for any combination of: uncontrolled confounding
(uc), exposure misclassification (em),
outcome misclassification (om), and selection bias
(sel). For example, adjust_uc_om_sel()
simultaneously adjusts for uncontrolled confounding, outcome
misclassificaiton, and selection bias.
The package also includes several dataframes that are useful for
validating the bias adjustment methods. Each dataframe contains
different combinations of bias as identified by the same prefixing
system. For each bias combination, there is a dataframe with incomplete
information (as would be encountered in the real world) (e.g.,
df_uc
) and a dataframe with complete information that was
used to derive the biased data (e.g., df_uc_source
).
# install from CRAN
install.packages("multibias")
# install from github using devtools
# library("devtools")
::install_github("pcbrendel/multibias") devtools
adjust()
function (see tables below).adjust()
function documentation.adjust()
function after inputting:
data_observed
objectdata_validation
objectadjust()
function will output the bias-adjusted
exposure-outcome odds ratio and confidence interval.Function | Adjusts for |
---|---|
adjust_em() |
exposure misclassification |
adjust_om() |
outcome misclassification |
adjust_sel() |
selection bias |
adjust_uc() |
uncontrolled confounding |
Function | Adjusts for |
---|---|
adjust_em_sel() |
exposure misclassification & selection bias |
adjust_em_om |
exposure misclassification & outcome misclassification |
adjust_om_sel() |
outcome misclassification & selection bias |
adjust_uc_em() |
uncontrolled confounding & exposure misclassificaiton |
adjust_uc_om() |
uncontrolled confounding & outcome misclassification |
adjust_uc_sel() |
uncontrolled confounding & selection bias |
adjust_uc_em_sel() |
uncontrolled confounding, exposure misclassification, & selection bias |
adjust_uc_om_sel() |
uncontrolled confounding, outcome misclassification, & selection bias |
These binaries (installable software) and packages are in development.
They may not be fully stable and should be used with caution. We make no claims about them.