rollama

install.packages("rollama")

# install.packages("remotes")
remotes::install_github("JBGruber/rollama")

rollama::ping_ollama()
#> ▶ Ollama (v0.3.12) is running at <http://localhost:11434>!

library(rollama)

pull_model()

# ask a single question
query("why is the sky blue?")
#> 
#> ── Answer from llama3.1 ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
#> The sky appears blue to us because of a phenomenon called Rayleigh scattering.
#> Here's a simplified explanation:
#> 
#> 1. **Sunlight enters Earth's atmosphere**: When sunlight enters our atmosphere,
#> it encounters tiny molecules of gases such as nitrogen (N2) and oxygen (O2).
#> 2. **Scattering occurs**: These gas molecules are much smaller than the
#> wavelength of light, so they scatter the shorter (blue) wavelengths more
#> efficiently than the longer (red) wavelengths.
#> 3. **Blue light is scattered in all directions**: As a result of this
#> scattering, blue light is distributed throughout the atmosphere and reaches our
#> eyes from all directions, giving the sky its blue appearance.
#> 4. **Red light continues to travel in a straight line**: The longer wavelengths
#> of red light, on the other hand, continue to travel in a straight line with
#> less scattering, which is why we see them as coming from the sun itself.
#> 
#> The combination of these factors results in our perception of a blue sky during
#> the daytime. However, it's worth noting that:
#> 
#> * **At sunrise and sunset**, the red light has a longer path through the
#> atmosphere, so more scattering occurs, making the sky appear more reddish.
#> * **On cloudy days** or during dust storms, the smaller particles in the air
#> scatter all wavelengths of light equally, resulting in a hazy or whitish
#> appearance.
#> 
#> Now you know why the sky is blue!

# hold a conversation
chat("why is the sky blue?")
#> 
#> ── Answer from llama3.1 ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
#> The sky appears blue to us because of a phenomenon called scattering, which
#> occurs when sunlight enters Earth's atmosphere.
#> 
#> Here's what happens:
#> 
#> 1. **Sunlight**: The sun emits white light, which contains all the colors of
#> the visible spectrum (red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet).
#> 2. **Entry into atmosphere**: When this white light enters our atmosphere, it
#> encounters tiny molecules of gases such as nitrogen (N2) and oxygen (O2). These
#> molecules are much smaller than the wavelength of light.
#> 3. **Scattering occurs**: As sunlight interacts with these molecules, the
#> shorter (blue) wavelengths of light are scattered in all directions by the gas
#> molecules. This is known as Rayleigh scattering, named after the British
#> physicist Lord Rayleigh who first described it in the late 19th century.
#> 
#> The key point here is that blue light is scattered more than other colors
#> because its wavelength is so small compared to the size of the gas molecules.
#> This means that the blue light is distributed throughout the atmosphere and
#> reaches our eyes from all directions, making the sky appear blue!
#> 
#> **Why not violet?**: If scattering was the only factor, we'd expect the sky to
#> appear violet, as violet has an even shorter wavelength than blue. However,
#> there are two reasons why we don't see a violet sky:
#> 
#> a. **Color perception**: The human eye is less sensitive to violet light than
#> to blue light, so we perceive the scattered light as blue rather than violet.
#> 
#> b. **Atmospheric conditions**: The Earth's atmosphere absorbs and scatters
#> shorter wavelengths of light more efficiently than longer ones. This is why the
#> sun appears yellow or orange during sunrise and sunset, when the light has
#> traveled through a greater thickness of atmosphere.
#> 
#> So, to summarize: the sky appears blue because of the scattering of sunlight by
#> tiny gas molecules in our atmosphere, which favors shorter (blue) wavelengths
#> of light.

chat("and how do you know that?")
#> 
#> ── Answer from llama3.1 ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
#> The explanation for why the sky is blue comes from a combination of scientific
#> experiments, observations, and theoretical understanding. Here are some key
#> sources and milestones:
#> 
#> 1. **Rayleigh's work**: Lord Rayleigh (1842-1919) was a British physicist who,
#> in 1871, first described the phenomenon of scattering by gases. He discovered
#> that the blue color of the sky could be explained by the interaction between
#> sunlight and the tiny molecules of air. Rayleigh's theory provided a foundation
#> for understanding why shorter wavelengths are scattered more than longer ones.
#> 2. **Tyndall's experiments**: In 1859, English physicist John Tyndall
#> (1820-1893) conducted an experiment to demonstrate that gases can scatter
#> light. He placed a container of water in a beam of sunlight and observed how
#> the light was scattered by the water molecules. This experiment helped
#> establish the concept of scattering.
#> 3. **Arago's observations**: French physicist François Arago (1786-1853)
#> noticed that the sky appears blue, even when viewed from a great distance,
#> suggesting that the color is not simply a property of the atmosphere itself but
#> rather an effect of the light being scattered by it.
#> 4. **Modern understanding**: In the 20th century, scientists further refined
#> our understanding of light scattering using various techniques such as
#> spectroscopy and quantum mechanics.
#> 
#> Some specific experiments and observations that confirm the explanation I
#> provided include:
#> 
#> * **Sunrise and sunset colors**: The color changes observed during sunrise and
#> sunset demonstrate how different wavelengths are scattered at varying angles.
#> * **Clouds and fog**: When sunlight passes through water droplets or ice
#> crystals, it scatters in a way that appears as white light. This shows that
#> shorter wavelengths (like blue) are being scattered more than longer ones.
#> * **Light scattering measurements**: Researchers have measured the intensity of
#> scattered light at different wavelengths using instruments such as
#> spectrometers and spectrophotometers.
#> 
#> These findings from various fields, including physics, chemistry, and
#> astronomy, collectively support the explanation for why the sky appears blue.

new_chat()

query("why is the sky blue?", model_params = list(
  seed = 42,
  temperature = 0,
  num_gpu = 0
))
#> 
#> ── Answer from llama3.1 ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
#> The sky appears blue to us because of a phenomenon called scattering, which
#> occurs when sunlight interacts with the tiny molecules of gases in the
#> atmosphere. Here's a simplified explanation:
#> 
#> 1. **Sunlight enters Earth's atmosphere**: When the sun shines, it emits a wide
#> range of electromagnetic radiation, including visible light, ultraviolet (UV)
#> radiation, and infrared (IR) radiation.
#> 2. **Light scatters off gas molecules**: As sunlight travels through the
#> atmosphere, it encounters tiny molecules of gases like nitrogen (N2) and oxygen
#> (O2). These molecules are much smaller than the wavelength of light, so they
#> scatter the light in all directions.
#> 3. **Short wavelengths scattered more**: The shorter wavelengths of light, such
#> as blue and violet, are scattered more than the longer wavelengths, like red
#> and orange. This is because the smaller gas molecules are more effective at
#> scattering the shorter wavelengths.
#> 4. **Blue light reaches our eyes**: As a result of this scattering process, the
#> blue light is distributed throughout the atmosphere and reaches our eyes from
#> all directions. This is why the sky appears blue to us.
#> 
#> Some additional factors can affect the color of the sky:
#> 
#> * **Time of day**: During sunrise and sunset, the sun's rays have to travel
#> through more of the Earth's atmosphere, which scatters the shorter wavelengths
#> even more. This is why the sky often appears redder during these times.
#> * **Atmospheric conditions**: Dust, pollution, and water vapor in the air can
#> also affect the color of the sky by scattering or absorbing light.
#> * **Altitude and location**: The color of the sky can vary depending on your
#> altitude and location. For example, at higher elevations or near large bodies
#> of water, the sky may appear more blue due to the reduced amount of atmospheric
#> gases.
#> 
#> In summary, the sky appears blue because of the scattering of sunlight by tiny
#> gas molecules in the atmosphere, which favors shorter wavelengths like blue
#> light.

options(rollama_server = "http://localhost:11434")

options(rollama_config = "You make answers understandable to a 5 year old")
query("why is the sky blue?")
#> 
#> ── Answer from llama3.1 ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
#> So, you know how sometimes we see really bright things like blueberries or blue
#> crayons? Well, the sky looks kind of like that too!
#> 
#> The reason the sky is blue is because of something called sunlight. When
#> sunlight comes from the sun, it goes all around the world and hits our eyes.
#> 
#> But here's the cool thing about sunlight: it has lots of different colors in
#> it, like a big ol' rainbow! And guess what? Blue is one of those colors!
#> 
#> So, when sunlight hits the tiny particles in the air (like really, really small
#> bits of water or dust), they bounce back up to our eyes. And because blue is
#> such a strong color in the sunlight, that's the color we see most often.
#> 
#> That's why the sky looks blue! Isn't that awesome?

options(rollama_model = "mixtral")
# if you don't have the model yet: pull_model("mixtral")
query("why is the sky blue?")
#> 
#> ── Answer from mixtral ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
#> The sky appears blue because of something called "scattering." When the sun's
#> light reaches our atmosphere, it meets tiny particles and gases. These
#> particles scatter, or spread out, the sunlight in different directions. Blue
#> light has a shorter wavelength and gets scattered more easily than other
#> colors, such as red or yellow, which have longer wavelengths.
#> 
#> As a result, when we look up at the sky, we see mostly blue light that has been
#> scattered all around us. This is why the sky usually looks blue during the day!