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This R package provides means to detect and parse historic dates, e.g., to ISO 8601:2-2019. It automatically converts language-specific verbal information, e.g., “circa 1st half of the 19th century,” into its standardized numerical counterparts, e.g., “1801-01-01/1850-12-31.” The package follows the recommendations of the MIDAS (Marburger Informations-, Dokumentations- und Administrations-System), see, e.g., https://doi.org/10.11588/artdok.00003770. It internally uses lubridate. The name of the package is inspired by Heinrich Hoffmann’s rhymed story “Struwwelpeter”, which goes as follows:
Just look at him! there he stands, with his nasty hair and hands. See! his nails are never cut; they are grimed as black as soot; and the sloven, I declare, never once has combed his hair; anything to me is sweeter than to see Shock-headed Peter.
For the German-language original text, see the online digital library Wikisource.
You can install the released version of unstruwwel from CRAN with:
install.packages("unstruwwel")To install the development version from GitHub use:
# install.packages("devtools")
devtools::install_github("stefanieschneider/unstruwwel")The unstruwwel package contains only one function,
unstruwwel(), that does all the magic
language-specific standardization. unstruwwel() returns a
named list, where each element is the result of applying the function to
the corresponding element in the input vector.
dates <- c(
"5th century b.c.", "unknown", "late 16th century", "mid-12th century",
"mid-1880s", "June 1963", "August 11, 1958", "ca. 1920", "before 1856"
)
# returns valid ISO 8601:2-2019 dates
unlist(unstruwwel(dates, "en", scheme = "iso-format"), use.names = FALSE)
#> [1] "-0500-12-31/-0401-01-01" NA "1586-01-01/1600-12-31"
#> [4] "1146-01-01/1155-12-31" "1884-01-01/1885-12-31" "1963-06-01/1963-06-30"
#> [7] "1958-08-11/1958-08-11" "1920-01-01~/1920-12-31~" "..1855-12-31"
# returns a numerical interval of length 2
unstruwwel(dates, language = "en", scheme = "time-span") %>%
tibble::as_tibble() %>%
dplyr::mutate(id = dplyr::row_number()) %>%
tidyr::gather(key = id) %>%
tidyr::unnest_wider(value, names_sep = "_") %>%
dplyr::rename_all(dplyr::funs(c("text", "start", "end")))
#> # A tibble: 9 × 3
#> text start end
#> <chr> <dbl> <dbl>
#> 1 5th century b.c. -500 -401
#> 2 unknown NA NA
#> 3 late 16th century 1586 1600
#> 4 mid-12th century 1146 1155
#> 5 mid-1880s 1884 1885
#> 6 June 1963 1963 1963
#> 7 August 11, 1958 1958 1958
#> 8 ca. 1920 1920 1920
#> 9 before 1856 -Inf 1855dates <- c(
"letztes Drittel 15. und 1. Hälfte 16. Jahrhundert", "undatiert", "1460?",
"wohl nach 1923", "spätestens 1750er Jahre", "1897 (Guss vmtl. vor 1906)"
)
# returns valid ISO 8601:2-2019 dates
unlist(unstruwwel(dates, "de", scheme = "iso-format"), use.names = FALSE)
#> [1] "1467-01-01/1550-12-31" NA "1460-01-01~/1460-12-31~"
#> [4] "1924-01-01?.." "..1749-12-31" "..1905-12-31?"
# returns a numerical interval of length 2
unstruwwel(dates, language = "de", scheme = "time-span") %>%
tibble::as_tibble() %>%
dplyr::mutate(id = dplyr::row_number()) %>%
tidyr::gather(key = id) %>%
tidyr::unnest_wider(value, names_sep = "_") %>%
dplyr::rename_all(dplyr::funs(c("text", "start", "end")))
#> # A tibble: 6 × 3
#> text start end
#> <chr> <dbl> <dbl>
#> 1 letztes Drittel 15. und 1. Hälfte 16. Jahrhundert 1467 1550
#> 2 undatiert NA NA
#> 3 1460? 1460 1460
#> 4 wohl nach 1923 1924 Inf
#> 5 spätestens 1750er Jahre -Inf 1749
#> 6 1897 (Guss vmtl. vor 1906) -Inf 1905Please report issues, feature requests, and questions to the GitHub issue tracker. We have a Contributor Code of Conduct. By participating in unstruwwel you agree to abide by its terms.
These binaries (installable software) and packages are in development.
They may not be fully stable and should be used with caution. We make no claims about them.