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sommer: Solving Mixed Model Equations in R

Structural multivariate-univariate linear mixed model solver for estimation of multiple random effects with unknown variance-covariance structures (e.g., unstructured, diagonal, autoregressive, factor analytic, reduced rank, among others) and known covariance among levels of random effects (e.g., pedigree and genomic relationship matrices) (Covarrubias-Pazaran, 2016 <doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0156744>; Maier et al., 2015 <doi:10.1016/j.ajhg.2014.12.006>; Jensen et al., 1997). REML estimates can be obtained using the Direct-Inversion Newton-Raphson and Direct-Inversion Average Information algorithms for the problems r x r (r being the number of records) or using the Henderson-based average information algorithm for the problem c x c (c being the number of coefficients to estimate).

Version: 4.4.87
Depends: R (≥ 3.5.0), Matrix (≥ 1.6-2), methods, stats, MASS, crayon, enhancer
Imports: Rcpp (≥ 0.12.19)
LinkingTo: Rcpp, RcppArmadillo, RcppProgress, RcppEigen, Matrix
Suggests: rmarkdown, knitr, plyr, parallel, orthopolynom, RSpectra, lattice, emmeans (≥ 1.4), estimability, testthat (≥ 3.0.0)
Published: 2026-10-04
DOI: 10.32614/CRAN.package.sommer
Author: Giovanny Covarrubias-Pazaran ORCID iD [aut, cre]
Maintainer: Giovanny Covarrubias-Pazaran <cova_ruber at live.com.mx>
BugReports: https://github.com/covaruber/sommer/issues
License: GPL-3
URL: https://github.com/covaruber/sommer
NeedsCompilation: yes
SystemRequirements: METIS graph partitioning library (optional; enables nested-dissection sparse ordering for large relationship matrices, auto-detected at configure time, falls back to AMD ordering when absent)
Citation: sommer citation info
Materials: README, ChangeLog
In views: Agriculture, MixedModels
CRAN checks: sommer results

Documentation:

Reference manual: sommer.html , sommer.pdf
Vignettes: Using covariance structures with sommer (source, R code)
Factor analytic and reduced rank models in sommer (source, R code)
Genetic evaluation with known variance components in sommer (source, R code)
Generalized linear mixed models with sommer (source, R code)
GxE models in sommer (source, R code)
Inside sommer: the ai_mme_sp2 engine (source, R code)
Quantitative genetics using the sommer package (source, R code)
Spatial modeling using the sommer package (source, R code)
Theory: how sommer parameterizes and optimizes covariance structures (source)
translate lme4 to sommer (source, R code)

Downloads:

Package source: sommer_4.4.87.tar.gz
Windows binaries: r-devel: sommer_4.4.7.zip, r-release: sommer_4.4.7.zip, r-oldrel: sommer_4.4.7.zip
macOS binaries: r-release (arm64): not available, r-oldrel (arm64): not available, r-release (x86_64): sommer_4.4.87.tgz, r-oldrel (x86_64): sommer_4.4.87.tgz
Old sources: sommer archive

Reverse dependencies:

Reverse imports: EstimateBreed, gpcp, IPLGP, lmDiallel, pcgen, statgenGWAS, statgenQTLxT
Reverse suggests: lucid, MoBPS
Reverse enhances: biometryassist, emmeans, enhancer

Linking:

Please use the canonical form https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=sommer to link to this page.

These binaries (installable software) and packages are in development.
They may not be fully stable and should be used with caution. We make no claims about them.